In his book “Third Wave” Alvin Toffler, who died in Los Angeles at the age of 87, analysed the three waves of disruption that have fundamentally changed the way society functions:  first was the agricultural revolution which took place in the 1700s, then came the industrial revolution which stretched into the 1800s and the third, that was just beginning to burgeon in the 1980s when his book was published: the knowledge-based economy, wherein the greatest commodities would become information, data and the technology freeway.

“The illiterate of the 21st Century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn” – Alvin Toffler

Thirty eight years later the digital technology revolution is expanding exponentially and it already has 4 waves within its own trajectory:

• computing technology
• mobile technology
• the Internet of Things (IoT)
• and fourthly, the development of artificial intelligence (AI)